James Herne’in Margaret Fleming (1890) Oyununda AmerikanErkekliğinin Krizi
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Modern Amerikan tiyatrosu, Margaret Fleming, James Herne, Yaldızlı Çağ ve erkeklik, Yeni Kadın.Öz
James A. Herne’in, ilk modern Amerikan oyunu olarak kabul edilen Margaret Fleming adlı eseri, modern bireyin ondokuzuncu yüzyılın sonlarındaki ağır koşullarını betimleyen dramatik gerçekçiliği yansıtır. Viktoryen dönem ailesindeki cinsel sadakatsizlik, ahlak ve bağlılık gibi temel konulara değinen oyun, başlangıçta, dönemin normlarına aykırı bir feminist sona sahip olduğu için övgü toplamıştır. Oyun hakkındaki eleştirel literatürse Yeni Kadın’ın cazibesine odaklanmış ve Herne’in kriz içindeki erkekliği betimlerken başvurduğu natüralizm unsurlarını pek dikkate almamıştır. Bu makale, “Yaldızlı Çağ” döneminde beyaz Amerikalı erkekleri hedef alan emaskülasyon temasını, oyundaki göçmen karakterlerin tasviri, Amerikan kültürünün kadınlaştırılmasına ilişkin emaskülen endişelerin ortadan kaldırılması, Amerikan ideallerini yaşayamama ve erkeği demir bir kafese hapsettiği düşünülen Protestan iş ahlakı gibi konularla bağlantılı olarak inceler.
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